Languages of Computer
Computer programming language, to express a set of detailed instructions for any digital computer in any of the different languages. Such instructions can be executed directly when they are in numerical form from the computer developer when they are known as machine language, followed by a simple process of alternative space when expressed in the relevant assembly language. Is done, or translated from some "higher level" language. Although there are many computer languages, relatively few are used.
Machine and assembly languages are "inferior", requiring a programmer to clearly manage all identifiable features of a computer's data storage and operational. In contrast, high-level languages prevent a programmer from being bothered by such concerns and provide a clue that is more easily written and read by programmers.
Types Of Languages
There are 5 types of Languages:
1.Machine and assembly languages
Machine language contains numeric codes for operations that a particular computer can execute directly. The codes are strings of 0s and 1s, or binary digits ("bits"), which are frequently converted to both hexadecimal (base 16) for human viewing and editing. Machine-language instructions typically use some bits to represent tasks, such as additions, and to represent some tasks, or perhaps the location of the next instruction. Machine language is difficult to read and write, as it does not resemble traditional mathematical symbols or human language, and its codes vary from computer to computer.
Assembly language is on a level with machine language. It uses short memonic codes for instructions and allows the programmer to introduce the names of the memory blocks containing the data. For such a directive one can write "add pay, total" instead of "0110101100101000" which contains two numbers.
2.Algorithmic languages
Algorithmic languages are designed to express mathematical or symbolic counting. They can express algebraic operations in a math-like symbol and allow the use of sub-programs that typically re-use operations to pack used operations. They were the first high-level languages.
C
The C programming language at AT&T Corporation for programming computer operating systems was developed in 1972 by Dennis Richie and Brian Carnigan Its structure of data and program structure through the formation of small units is comparable to that of ALGOL. It uses a compact notation and gives the programmer the ability to work with data addresses as well as their values. This capability is important in system programming, and the C language shares with the assembly language the power to exploit all the features of the computer's internal architecture. C, with its offspring C ++, is one of the most common languages.
ALGOL
ALGOL (Algorithmic Language) was designed by a committee of American and European computer scientists during 1958–60 to publish algorithms, and to compute. Like LISP (described in the next section), ALGOL repeatedly had all the programming-procedures that could be applied to solve any problem by reducing it to a small problem of the same nature. ALGOL introduced the block structure, which consists of a program blocks that can contain both data and instructions and has the same structure as the whole program. Blockchain has become a powerful tool for moving from small components to large programs.
ALGOL participated in a programming language, Bacos - a form to illustrate the formation of light forms, which became the standard means of explaining the grammar of programming languages in some different ways. ALGOL was widely used in Europe, and for many years it remained the language in which computer algorithms were published. Many important languages, such as Pascal and Ada (both described later), are its descendants.
3.Business-oriented languages
COBOL
Cobal (general business language) has been widely used in business since its inception in 1959. A committee of computer manufacturers and consumers, as well as US government organizations, set up Kodasail (Committee on Data Systems and Languages) to develop and monitor language standards. Ensure its transportation across diverse systems.
When introduced, COBOL uses an English-style notation-novel. Business computers organize and manipulate large amounts of data, and COBOL introduced a record data framework for such tasks. Record clusters in a single unit with different data such as name, identification number, an age and an address. This is in conflict with scientific languages, in which a number of identical rows are common. Records are a prime example of "colliding" data into a single object, and they appear in almost all modern languages.
SQL
SQL (Config Query Language) is a language used to describe database organization (collection of records). A database managed with MySQL is called relative, because MySQL provides the ability to query the database for information that falls into a given relationship. For example, one query might be "Search all records with last name Smith and New York City." Commercial database programs usually use SSL-like language for their queries.
4.Education-oriented languages
BASIC
Basic (all-purpose symbolic instruction code for beginners) was designed by Dartmouth College in the mid-1960s by John Camini and Thomas Kurtz. The goal was to make it easy for newcomers, especially non-computer science companies, to learn, and to run well on a time-sharing computer with many users. It had simple data structures and indicators and was interpreted: a basic program was translated and interpreted by each other, making it easier to find programming flaws. Done.
Recent versions have adopted data and control structures in other modern languages, making them more powerful but less convenient for beginners.
PASCAL
About Nicholsworth of Switzerland The 1970s designed Pascal to teach structural programming, emphasizing the systematic use of conditional and loop control structures without GOTO statements. Although Pascal resembles ALGOL in indicators, it provided the ability to define data types with which to organize complex information, a feature of Fortren and Koble in addition to ALGOL's capabilities. The user-defined data types allow the programmer to introduce names for complex data, after which the language translator can check the correct usage before running the program.
In the 1970s and late '80s, Pascal was one of the most widely used languages for programming education. It was available on almost all computers, and, because of its identity, clarity and security, it was used for production software as well as education.
5.Object-Oriented Languages
Object-based languages help manage complexity in large programs. Objects objectivity to package data and operations so that only operations are publicly accessible and internal details of the data structure are hidden. Hiding this information simplifies large-scale programming by allowing a programmer to think about each part of the program in isolation. In addition, items can be obtained from more common people, who "inherit" their abilities. This type of image classification may make it possible to explain special things that are common to most people.
C++
The C ++ language, developed by Bizen Strostrop at AT&T in the mid-1980s, enhanced C by adding items while preserving the performance of C programs. It has been an important language for both education and industrial programming. Most operating systems were written in C ++. C ++, along with Java, has become famous for developing commercial software packages that include a number of interactive applications. C ++ is considered to be one of the fastest languages and is very close to lower level languages, thus gaining complete control over the distribution and management of memory. This feature, along with its many other capabilities, makes it one of the most difficult languages to learn and handle on a large scale.
C # (C is displayed as fast as a musical note) was developed by Anders Hagelsberg at Microsoft in 2000. C # has the same syntax as C and C ++ and is often used to develop games and applications for the Microsoft Windows operating system.
Java was designed by Sun Micro Systems, Inc. in the early 1990's as a programming language for the World Wide Web (WWW). Although it was similar in appearance to C ++, it was objectionable. In particular, Java was endowed with advanced features, including the ability to manipulate data addresses, a capability that is neither required nor useful in distributed systems programs. To become a replicator, the translation of Java programs by the Java Virtual Machine is assigned to each computer platform that runs the Java program.
In addition to adding interactive capabilities to the Internet through the web "applet", Java has been widely used for programming small and portable devices, such as mobile telephones.
The open source language Python was developed in 1991 by Dutch programmer Guido van Rasool. It was designed as an easy-to-use language, with features such as using indentations instead of brackets in group statements. Python is also a very compact language, designed to perform complex tasks with just a few statements. In the 2010s, along with Java and JavaScript, Python became a popular programming language.
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